dismiss
英 /dɪsˈmɪs/，美 /dɪsˈmɪs/
及物动词，意为“开除；解散；不予考虑；驳回（法律案件）”，强调通过权威行为终止关系、聚集状态或法律程序。其核心语义是“解除约束”，具体含义随语境变化。
指因能力不足、违规等正式解除雇佣关系，语气较正式，常用被动语态。
例句：If you are late again, you will be dismissed.（若再迟到，你将被解雇。）
搭配：dismiss sb from sth（从某职位解雇某人）
The board dismissed her from her post as CEO due to financial misconduct.（董事会因财务违规解除了她的CEO职务。）
指使群体（如会议、班级、军队）正式结束聚集状态。
例句：The teacher dismissed the class early because of the snowstorm.（因暴风雪，老师提前下课。）
注意：日常课堂“下课”更常用“class is over”，dismiss隐含“权威解散”意味，适用于军队、法庭等正式场景。
指认为某事不重要或不真实而拒绝接受。
例句：He dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic without discussion.（他未加讨论就认为我的建议不切实际，不予考虑。）
搭配：dismiss sth out of hand（不假思索地拒绝）
Don’t dismiss the proposal out of hand—consider its potential first.（不要立刻否决提案，先考虑其潜力。）
指法院因证据不足等理由终止诉讼程序。
例句：The judge dismissed the case for lack of evidence.（法官因证据不足驳回案件。）
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| dismiss from | 从…解雇/开除 | She was dismissed from the company. |
| dismiss as | 把…视为（而不予理会） | He dismissed the rumor as nonsense. |
| dismiss from one’s mind | 从脑海中摒除 | She tried to dismiss the memory from her mind. |
名词：dismission（解雇；解散）
形容词：dismissible（可解雇的；可驳回的）
过去式/过去分词：dismissed
现在分词：dismissing
| 单词 | 区别 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| fire | 口语化，强调“突然解雇” | He was fired for arguing with his boss. |
| dismiss | 正式，强调“按程序解除关系” | The employee was dismissed after investigation. |
| reject | 侧重“拒绝接受（建议、申请等）” | The committee rejected the funding proposal. |
语境敏感性：同一词在不同领域含义差异显著，如法律中表“驳回”，教育中表“解散”。
文化差异：中文“下课”不宜直译为“you are dismissed”，因其隐含上下级权威关系。
理解dismiss的关键在于把握其“通过权威行为终止”的核心逻辑——无论是解雇员工、解散队伍，还是驳回案件，都体现了对某种关系或状态的正式解除。这一特性使其在正式文本和专业场景中尤为常见。