成语

污点的意思_音标_例句

stain(音标:英 /steɪn/,美 /steɪn/)是英语中兼具名词与动词词性的多义词,核心语义围绕“痕迹”与“染色”展开,既涵盖具体物质残留,也包含抽象声誉损害。作为名词时,可指衣物上的污渍(如血渍、咖啡渍)、木材或织物的着色剂,或象征名誉瑕疵的抽象“污点”;动词用法则包括液体在物体上留下痕迹、用化学试剂染色(如生物实验标本处理),以及抽象意义上的“玷污”(如名誉受损)。

一、核心释义与用法

(1)名词用法

具体污渍:指难以去除的痕迹,如食物、液体或 dirt 留下的印记。
例:Remove stains by soaking in a mild solution of bleach.(用温和的漂白溶液浸泡以去除污渍。)

抽象污点:比喻声誉或品格上的瑕疵。
例:There is no stain in his fame.(他的名声毫无污点。)

着色剂:用于改变物体颜色的化学试剂,如木材染色剂、显微镜染色剂。
例:Stain the table before you varnish it.(先给桌子着色,再上清漆。)

(2)动词用法

留下污渍:液体或物质使物体变色或留下痕迹。
例:Some foods can stain the teeth, as of course can smoking.(某些食物会使牙齿着色,吸烟当然也会。)

主动染色:用着色剂改变物体颜色。
例:The children's fingers were stained purple with juice.(孩子们的手指被果汁染成了紫色。)

抽象玷污:损害名誉、品格等。
例:The scandal stained his political career.(这起丑闻玷污了他的政治生涯。)

二、常用短语搭配

 

短语 中文释义 场景示例
stain resistance 抗污性 This fabric has good stain resistance.(这种面料抗污性好。)
oil stain 油渍 The mechanic's overalls were covered in oil stains.( mechanic 的工作服沾满油渍。)
blood stain 血迹 Wash blood stains in cold water immediately.(血迹需立即用冷水清洗。)
stain remover 去污剂 Use stain remover to treat tough marks.(用去污剂处理顽固污渍。)
Gram stain 革兰氏染色(生物实验) The bacteria were identified using Gram stain.(通过革兰氏染色鉴定细菌类型。)

 

三、实用例句

His clothing was stained with mud after the hike.(徒步后他的衣服沾了泥渍。)

A dark red stain was spreading across his shirt.(一个暗红色污渍在他衬衫上渗开。)

The ink stained the paper permanently.(墨水在纸上留下了永久污渍。)

Immaculate means "without stain."(“无瑕”意为“没有污点”。)

She used wood stain to darken the table.(她用木材着色剂把桌子染深。)

The scandal left a stain on the company's reputation.(丑闻给公司声誉留下了污点。)

The lab technician stained the tissue sample for microscopy.(实验室技术员为显微镜样本染色。)

This carpet is prone to staining if not cleaned quickly.(这地毯若不及时清理容易留渍。)

The wine stained the white tablecloth purple.(红酒把白色桌布染成了紫色。)

He tried to remove the ketchup stain with soap and water.(他试图用肥皂水洗掉番茄酱渍。)

四、使用场景与注意事项

物理污渍:描述衣物、家具等表面的痕迹时,常用搭配如“stained with + 具体物质”(e.g., stained with blood/juice)。

抽象比喻:用于声誉、历史等抽象概念时,需注意语境的正式性,如“a stain on history”(历史污点)。

染色剂相关:指化学试剂时,可与具体物品搭配,如“wood stain”(木材着色剂)、“biological stain”(生物染色剂)。

从咖啡洒在衬衫上的顽固污渍,到科学实验中让细胞结构显形的染色剂,再到政治丑闻给职业生涯留下的永久污点,stain 以简洁的形式承载了从微观痕迹到宏观声誉的多重意义。它提醒我们:无论是衣物上的印记还是人生中的过错,“痕迹”本身或许难以磨灭,但如何面对与处理,才是

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