shell 的音标为英 /ʃel/、美 /ʃel/,基本含义是“硬外壳”,可作名词和动词,用法广泛。
自然外壳:指动植物的硬壳,如贝壳、蛋壳、果壳等。
贝壳:The seashore was covered with shells.(海滩上到处是贝壳。)
果壳:Brazil nuts have an extremely hard shell.(巴西坚果的果壳十分坚硬。)
蛋壳:Eggs can be boiled in the shell.(鸡蛋可以带壳煮。)
物体外壳:指人造物品的保护层或框架。
建筑空壳:The building was burned to a shell.(大楼被烧得只剩下空壳。)
手机外壳:The shell of the phone protects it.(手机的外壳能保护机身。)
炮弹:军事领域指“炮弹”或“弹壳”。
The shell exploded in the barrel of the gun.(炮弹在炮管内爆炸了。)
弹壳:There were spent shell casings recovered at all six banks.(在6家银行内发现了用过的弹壳。)
抽象比喻:形容人或事物的“空壳状态”。
人的躯壳:The despair left him a mere shell of a man.(他陷入绝望,形同躯壳。)
空壳公司:Since then, it's just bounced around from shell company to shell company.(它在几家空壳公司之间反复转手。)
计算机术语:指操作系统的“命令行界面”,如 DOS shell 或 UNIX shell,是用户与系统交互的接口。
去壳/剥皮:指去除果实、种子的外壳。
Shell the peas, then cook them.(剥去豌豆壳再煮。)
The wheat will shell after a few days.(麦子几天后会脱粒。)
炮击/轰炸:军事上指用炮弹攻击。
We'll shell the enemy positions.(我们将炮击敌人阵地。)
The town was shelled last night.(昨晚该镇遭到炮击。)
支付(口语):短语 shell out 表示“花钱、支付”。
I shelled out a lot more than the used car was worth.(我花的钱远超过二手车的价值。)
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| shell out | 支付,花钱(口语) | We missed our flight and had to shell out for new tickets.(我们误机后不得不花钱买新票。) |
| in one's shell | 沉默寡言,自我封闭 | After the argument, she retreated into her shell.(争吵后她变得沉默寡言。) |
| shell company | 空壳公司 | They used a shell company to hide their assets.(他们用空壳公司隐藏资产。) |
| shell shock | 炮弹休克(战争创伤后遗症) | The veteran suffered from shell shock after the war.(老兵战后患上炮弹休克症。) |
自然外壳:I found a beautiful shell on the beach.(我在海滩上捡了个漂亮的贝壳。)
抽象比喻:The company is just an empty shell after the scandal.(丑闻后这家公司成了空壳。)
计算机领域:The DOS window is a command-line shell.(DOS窗口是命令行界面。)
动词用法:She is shelling peanuts for the salad.(她在剥花生做沙拉。)
军事场景:The artillery shelled the enemy camp all night.(炮兵整夜炮击敌营。)
从海滩上的贝壳到计算机的命令行界面,shell 的含义跨越自然、军事、科技等多个领域,掌握其多义性有助于准确理解不同语境。下次看到“shell company”时,就不会误以为是“贝壳公司”了。