音标:英 /elm/,美 /ɛlm/
1. 植物学:指榆属(Ulmus)落叶乔木,特征为拱形枝条和不对称锯齿状叶片,广泛作为遮荫树或木材树种植。例如:"An elm is a type of large tall broad-leaved tree"(榆树是一种高大的阔叶树)。
2. 木材:指榆树木材,质地坚硬耐用,常用于制作家具、工具等。如:"It was a good table too, sturdily constructed of elm"(这张桌子也很好,用榆木制成,非常结实)。
The farmhouse is dignified by the great elm around it.(农舍因周围的大榆树而显得庄重)
We planted some elms in the yard.(我们在院子里种了几棵榆树)
The bench is made of elm.(这条长凳是榆木做的)
Elm Street crosses Oak Street.(榆树街与橡树街相交)
"The elm trees are all dying," said Palmer sadly.(“这些榆树都快死了,”帕尔默难过地说)
Gillian had bowls carved from a golden elm trunk.(吉莉安让人用金榆树的树干雕刻了碗)
The hedgerows were planted with elm.(这些树篱是用榆树种植的)
Elm wood is valued for its toughness.(榆木因其韧性而受重视)
She walked toward East Elm Street.(她朝东榆树街走去)
The table’s surface is polished elm.(桌子表面是抛光榆木)
植物相关:American elm(美国榆)、common elm(大叶榆)、cork elm(栓皮榆)
木材相关:elm furniture(榆木家具)、elm timber(榆木板材)
地名/文化:Elm Street(榆树街,常见于欧美小镇命名)
科学背景:榆属约40种,中国有25种,木材结构因种类差异较大,如常绿榆与落叶榆的材质构造明显不同。
符号意义:在英语文化中,榆树常与“坚韧”“可靠”相关联,部分地名(如德国、英国的“埃尔姆”)也源于此词。
从庭院遮荫到家具制作,榆树与人类生活的关联跨越了实用与审美。你是否在身边见过榆树?它的锯齿叶和拱形枝是否让你印象深刻?