英 [krʌst],美 [krʌst]
面包皮;糕饼等的酥皮:指面包、馅饼等食物外层较硬的部分。例如“Please cut the bread into slices and remove the crust.”(请将面包切片并去除外壳。)
(泥土、雪等)硬的外层;硬外壳:如“the crust on the snow”(雪的硬壳),“a thin crust of ice”(一层薄冰)。
地壳:地球的外层,是岩石圈的组成部分,平均厚度17千米。例如“The earth's crust is layered.”(地球的外壳是分层的。)
<非正式>生活,生计
(酒等的)浮渣;水垢;痂:如“a thin layer of potassium tartrate that forms on the inside of some wine and port bottles”(一些葡萄酒和波特酒瓶内侧形成的酒石酸钾薄层),“a dry hardened outer layer of blood... over a cut or sore”(伤口或疮上形成的干硬血痂)。
(某些生物的)甲壳:如“the hard outermost body covering in some living organisms, such as lichens and crustaceans”(地衣、甲壳类等生物的硬外壳)。
及物动词(vt.):用外皮覆盖;在……上结硬皮。例如“The snow crusted the lake last night.”(昨夜的雪使湖面结了冰。)
不及物动词(vi.):结成外壳;结硬皮。例如“The snow may crust at night, due to outward radiation.”(由于外部辐射,晚上雪可能结成雪壳。)
复数:crusts
过去式:crusted
过去分词:crusted
现在分词:crusting
第三人称单数:crusts
形容词:crustless(无硬皮的)
earth's crust / earth crust:地壳
continental crust:大陆地壳
oceanic crust:海洋地壳,大洋地壳
upper crust:上流社会
lower crust:下地壳;下部地壳
weathering crust / weathered crust:风化壳
soil crust:土壤结皮;土结皮;土壤表壳
pie crust:派皮;大馅饼皮;做馅饼的糊
rice crust:锅巴
salt crust:盐结皮;盐结壳
crust leather:坯革;半硝革
用作名词(n.)
The earth's crust is layered.(地球的外壳是分层的。)
The crust on the snow was thick enough for us to walk on it.(外层的雪已经冻硬,可以在上面行走。)
Please cut the bread into slices and remove the crust.(请将面包切片并去除外壳。)
The crust of the bread is burnt.(这块面包的外皮烤焦了。)
Bake until the crust is golden.(把糕饼烤至外皮呈金黄色。)
Earthquakes leave scars in the Earth's crust.(地震会在地壳上留下痕迹。)
As the water evaporates, a crust of salt is left on the surface of the soil.(水蒸发后,土壤表面留下一层盐。)
And we know there's salt crust on Mars.(而且我们知道火星上有盐结皮。)
The Continental crust has an average composition similar to that of the igneous rock, andesite.(一般说来大陆地壳的组成成分是火成岩和安山岩。)
用作及物动词(vt.)
The snow crusted the lake last night.(昨夜的雪使湖面结了冰。)
用作不及物动词(vi.)
The snow may crust at night, due to outward radiation.(由于外部辐射,晚上雪可能结成雪壳。)
Less dense substances move upwards to form a crust.(密度小的物质向上浮动并形成一层皮。)