英 /ɒf/,美 /ɔːf/
副词(adv.)
表示状态的关闭或离开,如“切断、停止、离开、休息”等。例如“关掉灯”(turn off the light)、“下班”(get off work)。
介词(prep.)
表示“离开、从……脱落、偏离”等,强调脱离某个位置或状态。例如“从桌上掉下来”(fall off the table)、“住在公园大道附近”(live off Park Avenue)。
形容词(adj.)
描述状态为“空闲的、离开的、关闭的、不新鲜的”。例如“休假”(have the day off)、“食物变质”(the food is off)。
动词(v.)
意为“离开、脱下、杀死”(非正式用法)。例如“脱下外套”(off the coat)、“谋杀某人”(off sb.)。
副词:
The engine turned off automatically.(发动机自动关闭了。)
She’s off to Canada next week.(她下周动身去加拿大。)
介词:
Keep off the grass.(请勿践踏草坪。)
The boat anchored off the coast.(船停泊在海岸附近。)
形容词:
We had three days off last month.(我们上月休了三天假。)
This milk tastes off.(这牛奶尝起来变质了。)
动词:
He offed his old uniform and put on the new one.(他脱下旧制服,换上新的。)
The gang offed their rival in the alley.(团伙在小巷里杀死了对手。)(非正式用法)
take off:起飞;脱下(衣物)
例句:The plane takes off at 9 a.m.(飞机上午9点起飞。)
turn off:关闭(电器、水源等)
例句:Turn off the TV before leaving.(离开前关掉电视。)
put off:推迟
例句:The meeting was put off due to rain.(会议因雨推迟。)
get off:下车;离开
例句:She got off the bus at the station.(她在车站下了公交车。)
set off:出发;引发
例句:They set off for the mountains at dawn.(他们黎明时出发去山区。)
call off:取消
例句:The game was called off because of snow.(比赛因雪取消。)
“off”的核心逻辑是“脱离”,如“take off”(飞机脱离地面/衣物脱离身体)。
动词用法“杀死”(off sb.)为俚语,正式场合避免使用。
短语搭配需整体记忆,如“go off”可表示“爆炸、变质、离开”等多重含义,需结合语境理解。
英语中“off”的多功能性使其成为高频词汇,掌握其不同词性和短语搭配,能显著提升表达的灵活性。你还知道哪些包含“off”的实用短语呢?