音标:英 /ˈəʊvədəʊs/,美 /ˈoʊvərdoʊs/
既可作名词也可作动词,主要表示“药物、物质摄入过量”,也可比喻“过度接触或沉迷某事物”。
指“(药物、酒精等的)过量摄入”,强调超过安全剂量导致的危险状态。
药物过量:Taking an overdose of sleeping pills can be fatal.(服用过量安眠药可能致命)
物质过量:An overdose of sun and chlorine may turn blonde hair green.(过量接触阳光和氯气会使金发变绿)
表示“过量服用(药物)”或“过度沉溺于某事”,主语通常为人。
服药过量:He overdosed on heroin and was rushed to the hospital.(他海洛因过量,被紧急送医)
比喻义:Tourists often overdose on local specialties like goose and Armagnac.(游客常沉迷于鹅肉、阿马尼亚克酒等当地美食)
drug overdose 药物过量
Jimi Hendrix died of a drug overdose in 1970.(吉米·亨德里克斯1970年因药物过量去世)
take an overdose 服用过量
Whatever happens, never take an overdose of this medicine.(无论如何,绝不可过量服用此药)
overdose on sth 过度沉溺于某事
The city has overdosed on modern design.(这座城市过度追求现代设计)
| 英文例句 | 中文翻译 |
|---|---|
| She took an overdose of sleeping pills. | 她服用了过量的安眠药。 |
| Acetaminophen overdose is a leading cause of liver damage in the US. | 在美国,对乙酰氨基酚过量是肝损伤的主要原因。 |
| Medical opinion varies on how many tablets constitute an overdose. | 医生对多少药片算过量意见不一。 |
| He overdosed on caffeine and couldn’t sleep. | 他咖啡因摄入过量,无法入睡。 |
| The investigation began after a student overdose at the fraternity. | 一名学生在联谊会过量吸毒后,调查随即展开。 |
医学警示:药物过量可能导致昏迷甚至死亡,如“Fatal hyperphosphatemia after oral phosphate overdose in a premature infant”(早产儿口服磷酸盐过量导致致命性高磷血症)。
比喻用法:可用于非物质场景,如“overdose on work”(工作过度)或“overdose on social media”(沉迷社交媒体)。
无论是描述医疗紧急情况还是日常过度行为,overdose 都强调“超过安全或合理限度”的核心含义。使用时需根据语境区分字面意义(药物过量)和比喻意义(过度沉溺)。