音标:英 [ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi],美 [ɪˈmɜːrdʒənsi]
词性:名词(n.)、形容词(adj.)
核心含义:指突然发生的危险或紧急状况,需立即采取行动应对;也可形容事物具有“紧急的、应急的”属性。
定义:突然发生的、涉及危险或严重后果的情况,要求迅速响应。
近义词:crisis(危机)、urgency(紧迫性)
反义词:stability(稳定)、normality(常态)
搭配与例句:
动词搭配
declare an emergency(宣布紧急状态):The government declared a state of emergency during the flood.(政府在洪水期间宣布进入紧急状态)
handle/respond to an emergency(处理/应对紧急情况):The fire department responds to emergencies 24 hours a day.(消防部门24小时应对紧急事件)
形容词修饰
medical emergency(医疗紧急情况):The hospital has special procedures for dealing with medical emergencies.(医院有处理医疗紧急情况的特殊程序)
national emergency(国家紧急状态):The rioting grew worse and the government declared a national emergency.(骚乱恶化,政府宣布进入国家紧急状态)
介词短语
in an emergency(在紧急情况下):In an emergency, call 119 immediately.(紧急情况下请立即拨打119)
in case of emergency(以防紧急情况):Keep a first-aid kit in your car in case of emergency.(车内常备急救包以防紧急情况)
定义:形容事物专为应对紧急情况设计或使用。
例句:
Please use this exit for emergency situations only.(请仅在紧急情况下使用此出口)
She pressed the emergency button when she felt unwell.(她感到不适时按下了紧急按钮)
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| emergency room | 急诊室 | He was rushed to the emergency room after the accident.(事故后他被紧急送往急诊室) |
| emergency exit | 紧急出口 | The emergency exit was clearly marked with a red sign.(紧急出口有清晰的红色标识) |
| emergency response | 应急响应 | The city activated its emergency response plan during the earthquake.(地震期间城市启动了应急响应计划) |
| emergency relief | 紧急救援 | The Red Cross provided emergency relief to flood victims.(红十字会向洪水灾民提供紧急救援) |
emergency vs. crisis:
emergency侧重“突发、需立即处理的具体事件”(如车祸、火灾),而crisis指“影响重大的转折点”(如经济危机、健康危机)。
emergency vs. urgency:
emergency强调“事件本身的紧急性”,urgency侧重“需要优先处理的状态”,如“a matter of urgency”(紧急事务)。
The pilot made an emergency landing due to engine failure.(飞行员因引擎故障实施紧急降落)
She keeps an emergency kit in her car, including water, snacks, and a flashlight.(她在车里放了应急包,内含水、零食和手电筒)
In case of emergency, contact the emergency services at 911.(紧急情况请拨打911联系应急服务)
总结:emergency是描述“突发紧急状况”的核心词汇,其搭配涵盖医疗、安全、灾难等多个领域,需注意与介词(in, during, for)及修饰词(medical, national)的搭配精准性。掌握其用法有助于清晰表达危机应对场景中的需求与行动