成语

forgive的意思_音标_例句

forgive是英语中常用动词,核心含义为“原谅、宽恕”,也可表示“免除(债务等)”。其英式音标为/fəˈɡɪv/,美式音标为/fərˈɡɪv/,词源可追溯至古英语“forgiefan”,由“for-”(完全)和“giefan”(给予)构成,字面意为“彻底给予宽恕”。

一、词性与形态变化

动词:表示原谅或免除的动作

第三人称单数:forgives

现在分词:forgiving

过去式:forgave

过去分词:forgiven

派生词:形容词forgivable(可原谅的)、副词forgivably(可宽恕地)、名词forgiver(宽恕者)

二、核心释义与用法

原谅,宽恕
指对他人的过错或冒犯停止愤怒并放弃惩罚意愿,强调情感上的宽容。

基础结构

forgive + 某人:直接接宾语表示原谅对象,如 I forgive you(我原谅你)

forgive + 某人 + for + 动名词:说明原谅的具体原因,如 She forgave him for lying(她原谅了他撒谎)

forgive oneself:表示自我宽恕,如 He finally learned to forgive himself(他最终学会了原谅自己)

 

免除(债务、义务等)
用于法律或金融语境,指取消应偿还的债务或履行的义务。

例:The bank agreed to forgive his debt(银行同意免除他的债务)

三、常见短语搭配

 

短语 含义 例句
forgive and forget 不念旧恶,既往不咎 They decided to forgive and forget after the argument.
please forgive me 请原谅我(礼貌用语) Forgive me for interrupting your meeting.
forgive a mistake 原谅错误 The teacher forgave the student's mistake.
forgive a sin 宽恕罪过(宗教语境) The priest forgave his sins.

 

四、例句(10句)

Hopefully Jane will understand and forgive you if she really loves you.(如果简真的爱你,希望她会理解并原谅你。)

Irene forgave Terry for stealing her money.(艾琳原谅了特丽偷她的钱。)

Forgive me, I don't mean to insult you.(请原谅,我无意侮辱你。)

He could forgive Petal anything if the children were safe.(只要孩子们安全,他可以原谅佩特尔任何事。)

She finally learned to forgive herself for the accident.(她最终学会为那场事故原谅自己。)

The bank refused to forgive his debt despite his pleas.(尽管他恳求,银行仍拒绝免除他的债务。)

Forgive my ignorance, but how does this machine work?(请原谅我的无知,这台机器怎么运作?)

They chose to forgive and forget after resolving their differences.(解决分歧后,他们选择既往不咎。)

The teacher forgave the student for being late.(老师原谅了学生的迟到。)

It took years for her to forgive her father for leaving the family.(她花了多年才原谅父亲离开家庭。)

五、使用注意事项

与excuse的区别
forgive强调情感上的宽恕,而excuse侧重理解或解释原因。例如:

I excuse your lateness(我理解你迟到的原因)

I forgive you for being late(我从情感上原谅你的迟到)

宗教与文化语境
在宗教文本中,forgive常与“罪过”(sin)搭配,如 God forgives sinners(上帝宽恕罪人),而日常用语中更多指世俗过错。

时态运用
完成时(如has forgiven)常表示宽恕的结果对现在的影响,如 I have forgiven him, but I can't forget(我已经原谅他,但无法忘记)。

从莎士比亚戏剧中的古典表达“Forgive me, who has wronged you”,到现代心理治疗中的“forgive oneself”,forgive始终是人类修复关系、实现自我和解的核心词汇。它不仅是语言工具,更反映了“放下怨恨”这一跨越文

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