音标:英 [brəʊk],美 [broʊk]
词性与含义:
动词:break 的过去式和过去分词,表示“打破、弄坏、中断”等基础含义。例如:She broke the window yesterday.(她昨天打破了窗户)。
形容词:非正式用语,意为“一文不名的、破产的”,强调暂时或彻底的经济困境。例如:I’m broke this month and can’t afford dinner.(我这个月没钱了,吃不起饭)。
flat broke:俚语,强调“身无分文、一贫如洗”。例如:After paying rent, I’m flat broke.(交完房租后,我彻底没钱了)。
go broke:表示“破产、倒闭”,可用于个人或企业。例如:The small shop went broke during the pandemic.(这家小店在疫情期间倒闭了)。
go for broke:意为“孤注一掷、全力以赴”,指为达成目标冒最大风险。例如:He decided to go for broke and invest all his savings.(他决定孤注一掷,投入所有积蓄)。
break the bank:并非字面“抢银行”,而是“花费巨额资金”。例如:Buying a luxury car would break the bank for me.(买豪车会让我倾家荡产)。
the straw that broke the camel’s back:比喻“压垮人的最后一根稻草”,指一系列压力中最终导致崩溃的事件。例如:Missing the deadline was the straw that broke the camel’s back for his job.(错过截止日期成了他丢工作的最后一击)。
I’m broke, so can you lend me $20 for lunch?(我没钱了,能借我20美元吃午饭吗?)
The company went broke after losing its biggest client.(失去最大客户后,公司破产了)
Let’s go for broke and apply to the top university.(我们全力以赴申请顶尖大学吧)
Repairing the old house almost broke the bank.(修那栋老房子几乎花光了所有钱)
Forgetting her birthday was the straw that broke the camel’s back in their relationship.(忘记她的生日成了他们关系破裂的导火索)
He broke his phone when he dropped it in the pool.(他把手机掉进泳池时摔坏了)
After shopping all day, we were flat broke.(逛了一整天街后,我们身无分文)
The team went for broke in the final minute and scored the winning goal.(球队在最后一分钟孤注一掷,踢进了制胜球)
My laptop broke down, so I can’t finish the report.(我的笔记本电脑坏了,没法完成报告)
She’s broke but refuses to ask her parents for money.(她没钱了,但拒绝向父母要钱)
作为形容词时,broke 仅用于非正式语境,正式场合可用“bankrupt”或“insolvent”替代。
部分短语(如 break the bank)易产生字面误解,需结合语境记忆。
从“打破物品”到“经济破产”,broke 的多义性反映了英语中简单词汇的丰富用法。下次听到“I’m broke”时,别误以为对方“坏掉了”,而是要准备好请客啦!