adult 是英语中描述成熟个体的基础词汇,兼具名词和形容词词性。作为名词时,指法律或生理上达到成年状态的人或动物;作为形容词时,表示“成年的”“成熟的”或“适合成年人的”。其发音存在英式与美式差异:英式音标为 /ˈædʌlt/ 或 /əˈdʌlt/,美式音标为 /əˈdʌlt/ 或 /ˈædʌlt/,两种发音在日常使用中均被广泛接受。
指达到法定年龄(通常18岁)或生理成熟的个体,强调法律或生物学层面的成熟。
例句:
儿童无成人带领不得入内。(Child who is not accompanied by an adult will not be admitted.)
这只熊已完全发育成熟。(The bear was a fully grown adult.)
一对成年鸟类每年会繁殖两次。(A pair of adult birds breed twice a year.)
描述年龄或生理状态:表示“成年的”,与“未成年”(child/young)相对。
他在加拿大度过了成年时期。(He spent his adult life in Canada.)
成年大象体重可达6吨。(An adult elephant can weigh up to 6 tons.)
描述行为或态度:表示“成熟的”,强调理智和责任感。
我们应该像成年人一样理智处理这件事。(Let's try to be adult about this.)
她以成熟的方式应对了这个问题。(She dealt with the problem in an adult way.)
描述内容或场合:表示“仅限成年人的”,如成人电影、读物等。
这部电影因包含暴力内容被列为成人电影。(The film is classified as adult due to violent content.)
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| adult education | 成人教育 | Many community colleges offer adult education courses. |
| young adult | 年轻人(18-30岁) | This novel is popular among young adults. |
| adult population | 成年人口 | The city's adult population exceeds 1 million. |
| adult child | 成年子女 | She has two adult children working abroad. |
| adult film | 成人电影(色情/限制级) | Children are not allowed to watch adult films. |
每张票仅限一位成人入场。(Each ticket admits one adult.)
成年刺猬身上约有7500根刺。(An adult hedgehog can boast 7,500 spines.)
他成年后的大部分时间都在从事新闻工作。(I've been a newspaperman all my adult life.)
如果你足够成熟到可以退学,就该自己养活自己。(If you were adult enough to drop out of school, then you were adult enough to support yourself.)
成人与儿童的比例是1:6。(The adult to child ratio is one to six.)
成为父亲意味着他已是成年人。(Becoming a father signified that he was now an adult.)
这部书的语言风格适合成年人阅读。(The book uses adult language and is not suitable for kids.)
我们都是成年人,应该对自己的行为负责。(We're all adults here and should take responsibility for our actions.)
成年后,他依然喜欢燃放烟花。(As an adult, he still quite likes fireworks.)
这所大学为成年学习者提供在线课程。(The university offers online courses for adult learning.)
与 grown-up 的区别:adult 强调法律或生理成熟,而 grown-up 更侧重心理或行为上的成熟。例如,一个18岁的人是 adult,但未必在心理上是 grown-up(成熟的人)。
避免歧义:描述“成人内容”时,建议用“adult-oriented content”而非单独“adult”,以避免与“成年人”混淆。
掌握 adult 的用法,能帮助你准