音标
英式:/ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/;美式:/ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/
基本释义
名词,指未经授权复制他人作品(文字、思想、创意等)并冒充为自己成果的行为,或通过这种行为产生的作品。核心特征是未注明来源的复制与虚假原创性声明。
词源与历史
源自拉丁语 plagiarius(意为“绑架者”),古罗马诗人马提雅尔最早用该词比喻“文学窃贼”。17世纪进入英语后,逐渐演变为特指智力成果的盗用。其动词形式 plagiarize 和指人的 plagiarist 均由此衍生。
核心搭配
动词+plagiarism:commit plagiarism(实施剽窃)、accuse sb of plagiarism(指控剽窃)、detect plagiarism(检测剽窃)
形容词+plagiarism:academic plagiarism(学术剽窃)、blatant plagiarism(公然剽窃)、intellectual plagiarism(智力剽窃)
介词短语:allegations of plagiarism(剽窃指控)、a case of plagiarism(剽窃案例)
常见场景
广泛用于学术、出版、艺术等领域,例如高校通过反剽窃软件(anti-plagiarism software)筛查论文,出版社因剽窃撤回已发表作品。
他因论文中存在大量未标注的引用而被指控剽窃。(He was accused of plagiarism for including uncredited citations in his paper.)
该校对剽窃的处罚包括警告、成绩作废甚至开除。(Punishments for plagiarism at the school include warnings, failing grades, and expulsion.)
这位作家愤怒驳斥了关于其小说剽窃的指控。(The author angrily rejected allegations that her novel was plagiarism.)
现代写作流程已纳入反剽窃工具,如 Turnitin 等软件。(Modern writing processes now include anti-plagiarism tools like Turnitin.)
日本顶尖大学正紧急安装剽窃检测系统,以审查历史论文。(Japan’s top universities are rushing to install plagiarism detection systems to review old theses.)
剽窃不仅是学术不端,更是对原创者权益的侵害。(Plagiarism is not only academic misconduct but also an infringement of original creators’ rights.)
她因剽窃评审委员的作品而被取消文学奖资格。(Her literary prize was revoked after she plagiarized a judge’s book.)
适当引用并标注来源是避免剽窃的关键。(Proper citation and attribution are key to avoiding plagiarism.)
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