成语

about的意思_音标_例句

about

音标:英 /əˈbaʊt/

词性及含义
about 是英语中多词性、高频使用的词汇,主要用作介词、副词和形容词:

一、介词用法

关于;涉及
表示内容或主题的相关性,后接名词、代词或动名词。普通语境中使用广泛,较正式或学术性主题常用 on 替代。

a book about history(一本关于历史的书)

She knew a lot about food.(她对食品懂得很多)

大约;左右
用于数字前表示近似值,可修饰时间、数量、价格等。

It costs about $10.(这需10美元左右)

The rate of inflation is running at about 2.7 per cent.(通货膨胀率大约在2.7%)

针对;为了解决
表示对某问题采取行动。

Rachel was going to do something about Jacob.(雷切尔要对雅各布采取行动)

在…周围;附近
描述位置关系或活动范围。

He walked about the room.(他在房间里走来走去)

二、副词用法

大约
等同于 approximately,修饰数字或时间。

He arrived at about 10 o'clock.(他大约10点钟到达)

到处;四处
表示无固定方向的移动或分布。

The children were running about.(孩子们到处跑)

He looked about for his keys.(他四处寻找他的钥匙)

三、形容词用法

即将发生的;正要…的
仅用于表语,构成 be about to do sth 结构,强调动作“即将发生”,不可与具体时间状语(如 tomorrow)连用,但可与 just 搭配增强即时感。

I think he's about to leave.(我想他就要离开)

They are just about to leave.(他们马上就要离开了)

否定式可表“不愿意做某事”:I'm not about to pay 100 dollars for that dress.(我不愿意花100美元买那件衣服)

四、常见短语搭配

动词+about

talk about 谈论:Let's talk about the plan for tomorrow.(让我们谈谈明天的计划)

worry about 担心:Don't worry about me.(别担心我)

hear about 听说:I just heard about the accident.(我刚听说了那起事故)

set about doing sth 着手做某事:He set about preparing for the exam.(他开始为考试做准备)

形容词+about

angry about 对…生气:The customers grew angry about the delays.(顾客们对拖延感到生气)

anxious about 担心…:She seemed anxious about the interview.(她似乎对面试忧心忡忡)

careful about 对…谨慎:People should be careful about used masks.(人们应谨慎处理用过的口罩)

固定句型

be about to do sth when… 正要做某事,这时突然…:I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.(我正要上床睡觉,这时电话铃突然响了)

How/What about…? 用于提出建议或询问情况:How about going for a walk?(去散散步怎么样?)

out and about (病后)外出活动:Despite pain, she's been out and about almost normally.(尽管疼痛,她已几乎像正常人一样外出活动)

五、使用注意事项

避免冗余:be about to do sth 本身已表“即将”,不可与 soon、tomorrow 等时间状语连用。

及物动词误用:discuss、consider、explain 等及物动词后直接接宾语,无需加 about。

正:We'll discuss it.(我们会讨论此事)

误:We'll discuss about it.

about 的多义性使其成为英语中最活跃的词汇之一,掌握其搭配和语境差异是提升表达准确性的关键。你是否曾在写作中混淆 about 和 on 的用法?不妨尝试用今天学到的规则重新组织句子,感受细微差别带来的表达升级。

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