may 的音标为英 [meɪ]、美 [meɪ],既是情态动词也是名词。作为情态动词时,它核心含义包括“可能”“可以”“祝愿”等;作为名词则表示“五月”或植物名称。以下是具体用法和搭配解析:
用于推测现在或将来可能发生的事,否定形式为 may not(可能不)。
We may have some rain today.(今天可能会下雨。)
Civil rights officials say there may be hundreds of other cases of racial violence.(民权官员称可能还有数百起种族暴力案件。)
与过去分词连用表示“可能已发生”:He may have been to some of those places.(那些地方他可能去过一些。)
用于请求或给予许可,比 can 更正式,否定回答常用 may not(不允许)。
请求许可:May we come in?(我们可以进来吗?)
法规允许:In the US, any two persons may marry provided that both are at least 16.(在美国,双方满16岁即可结婚。)
对比 can:may 强调说话人主观许可,can 侧重客观能力或非正式许可。
用于正式场合提出委婉请求,或用 may as well 表示“不妨做某事”。
请求:I'd like the use of your living room, if I may.(若可以,我想用一下您的起居室。)
建议:You may as well finish the job now.(你不妨现在就完成这项工作。)
用于祈使句表达愿望,或目的状语从句中表“为了”。
祝愿:May you have a happy birthday!(祝你生日快乐!)
目的:Cables are laid underground that their life may be prolonged.(电缆埋在地下以延长使用寿命。)
承认前句属实,但强调后句更重要。
I may be almost 50, but there's not much I've forgotten.(我快50岁了,但没忘记多少事。)
五月(首字母大写 May)
泛指五月时不加冠词:Flowers bloom in May.(五月花开。)
特殊表达:May Day(五一国际劳动节,前不加冠词)。
植物名称
指山楂花或绣线菊属植物,如 may flower(五月花,山楂花的别称)。
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| may be | 可能是(谓语动词) | It may be true.(这可能是真的。) |
| may have done | 可能已做某事 | She may have missed the train.(她可能错过了火车。) |
| may as well | 不妨,倒不如 | We may as well take a taxi.(我们不妨打车。) |
| may not | 可能不,不允许 | You may not enter without permission.(未经允许不得入内。) |
Dark clouds suggest that showers may occur later today.(乌云表明今天晚些时候可能有阵雨。)
Rates may increase, though not significantly.(费率可能上升,但幅度不大。)
May I interrupt for just a moment?(我可以打断一下吗?)
He may have explored some of those places.(他可能探索过那些地方中的几处。)
You may keep the book for three days.(这本书你可以借三天。)
May the sun return soon.(愿太阳早日归来。)
The bag may be worn over the shoulder or carried.(这个包可肩背也可手提。)
May we consider a weekend getaway?(我们可以考虑周末短途旅行吗?)
You may disagree, but I work hard for a living.(你可能不认同,但我确实在努力谋生。)
May Day is a public holiday in many countries.(五一节在多国是公共假日。)
可能性程度:may(可能)> might(或许),但 might 不表过去时,仅可能性更低。
与 can 的区别:请求许可时,may 更正式(May I go?),can 更口语化(Can I go?)