音标:英 /juːs/;美 /juːs/
词性:动词(v.)、名词(n.)
动词:表示“使用、利用、消耗、对待”等。例如:用工具完成任务、服用药物、利用机会等。
名词:表示“使用、用途、使用权、功能”等。例如:物品的用途、法律中的受益权等。
基本用法:直接接宾语,表示“使用某物”。
Trim off the excess pastry using a sharp knife.(用锋利的刀切掉多余的酥皮。)
They use a computer system to organize their data.(他们用电脑系统整理数据。)
特殊含义:
对待:She used her employees fairly.(她公正对待员工。)
服用(毒品/药物):He denied he had used drugs.(他否认吸毒。)
耗费:You used all the ice cubes.(你把冰块都用完了。)
表示“用途、功能”:
The present phone boxes will go out of use next year.(现有的电话亭明年将停用。)
What’s the use of this tool?(这个工具的用途是什么?)
表示“使用权、机会”:
He put the use of his house at my disposal.(他让我随意使用他的房子。)
Make full use of every chance to learn.(充分利用每个学习机会。)
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| used to do | 过去常常做某事(现在不做) | I used to play football after school.(我过去放学后常踢足球。) |
| be used to doing | 习惯于做某事 | Old people are used to getting up early.(老年人习惯早起。) |
| be used to do | 被用来做某事(被动语态) | Knives are used to cut things.(刀被用来切东西。) |
| use up | 用完、耗尽 | I used up all my money.(我把钱都花光了。) |
| make use of | 利用 | We should make use of technology.(我们应利用技术。) |
| in use | 使用中 | The library is currently in use.(图书馆正在使用中。) |
used to do vs. be used to doing
used to do:强调过去习惯,与现在对比。如:She used to live here.(她过去住在这里,现在不住了。)
be used to doing:强调“习惯”,to是介词,后接动名词。如:I’m used to working late.(我习惯熬夜工作。)
be used to do vs. be used for doing
两者均表示“被用来做某事”,可互换。如:
Wood is used to make paper. = Wood is used for making paper.(木头被用来造纸。)
用作动词:He tried to use the scandal to blackmail me.(他想利用丑闻敲诈我。)
用作名词:This use of the word is less common in British English.(这个词的用法在英式英语中较少见。)
used to do:They used to be good friends.(他们过去是好朋友。)
be used to doing:She is used to living alone.(她习惯独居。)
be used to do:Phones are used to communicate.(手机被用来交流。)
use up:The battery has been used up.(电池没电了。)
make use of:We must make full use of our time.(我们必须充分利用时间。)
in use:The old bridge is still in use.(旧桥仍在使用。)
口语用法:Could I use your bathroom?(我能用一下洗手间吗?)
法律术语:He has the use of the property.(他有该财产的使用权。)
总结:use是英语中最活跃的词汇之一,需区分动词/名词用法,并重点掌握used to do、be used to