音标:英式 /nɪə(r)/,美式 /nɪr/
词性与含义
形容词(adj.)
表示“近的;不远的”,用于描述距离或时间上的接近,如 the near future(不久的将来)。
可描述关系亲密,如 a near relative(近亲属)。
表示“近似的”,如 a near likeness(近似的肖像)。
副词(adv.)
意为“在附近;临近”,如 He lives near(他住在附近)。
表示“几乎;差不多”,如 It’s near impossible(这几乎不可能)。
介词(prep.)
表示“靠近;在……附近”,后接名词或代词,如 She sat near the window(她坐在窗户附近)。
动词(v.)
意为“接近;靠近”,如 The ship neared the shore(船靠近岸边)。
比较级与最高级:nearer(更近的/地),nearest(最近的/地)。
短语搭配
far and near:四面八方;到处,如 Visitors came from far and near(游客来自四面八方)。
nowhere near:远不及;差得远,如 The hall was nowhere near full(大厅远未满座)。
near at hand:在手边;即将发生,如 Help was near at hand(援助就在附近)。
nearest and dearest:最亲近的人,如 She spent the holiday with her nearest and dearest(她与至亲共度假期)。
例句
There’s an excellent seafood restaurant near here(这附近有一家很棒的海鲜餐厅)。
The exams are drawing near(考试越来越近了)。
He nearly fell off the bike(他差点从自行车上摔下来)。
The project is near completion(项目即将完工)。
Her house is near to the park(她的家靠近公园)。
We camped near the beach(我们在海滩附近露营)。
The bomb exploded somewhere near(炸弹在附近某处爆炸)。
She neared and whispered a secret(她走近并低声说出了一个秘密)。
He’s nowhere near as tall as his brother(他远不如他哥哥高)。
Please remind me nearer to the interview date(面试临近时请提醒我)。
近义词辨析
near vs. close:两者均表示“近”,但 close 强调“紧密接触”,如 close to the door(紧挨着门);near 侧重“距离近但不接触”,如 near the door(在门附近)。
使用提示
作介词时,可直接接宾语,无需加 to(如 near the park);但在正式语境中偶尔用 near to(如 near to the park)。
动词用法较正式,日常语境中更多用 approach 替代,如 The deadline is approaching(截止日期临近)。
掌握“near”的多词性用法,能更精准描述空间、时间和关系的“接近”。下次表达“附近有商店”时,你会用 There’s a shop near 还是 near here 呢?