abortion 的音标为英 /əˈbɔːʃ(ə)n/、美 /əˈbɔːrʃ(ə)n/,核心含义是“终止妊娠”,可指自然流产或人工流产,也可比喻计划、项目等中途失败或夭折 。
医学与生育领域
人工流产:指通过医疗手段故意终止妊娠,是最常见用法。例如:“She decided to have an abortion because she was not ready for motherhood.”(她因未准备好成为母亲而决定堕胎)。
自然流产:胎儿在发育成熟前自然排出体外,医学上常用 spontaneous abortion 表示。例如:“A spontaneous abortion can occur in early pregnancy due to genetic factors.”(早期妊娠可能因遗传因素发生自然流产)。
败育:生物学中描述植物种子或器官发育停止的现象,如“The crop failure was caused by seed abortion.”(作物歉收由种子败育导致)。
比喻义
指计划、项目等中途失败或夭折。例如:“The peace talks ended in abortion due to conflicting interests.”(和平谈判因利益冲突中途夭折)。
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| induced abortion | 人工流产(手术或药物) | Induced abortion is legal in most European countries. |
| threatened abortion | 先兆流产(医学术语) | The doctor prescribed bed rest for the patient with threatened abortion. |
| abortion pill | 堕胎药 | The abortion pill is available only with a doctor’s prescription. |
| abortion law | 堕胎相关法律 | Public debate over abortion law has intensified in recent years. |
道德争议:“Is abortion morally defensible?”(堕胎从道德上讲合乎情理吗?)
个人立场:“I’ve always been anti-abortion.”(我一直反对堕胎)
社会议题:“Abortion remains a highly contentious issue in many countries.”(堕胎在许多国家仍是极具争议的议题)
医学场景:“The hospital provides counseling for women considering abortion.”(医院为考虑堕胎的女性提供咨询)
法律语境:“Abortion is restricted in some states unless the mother’s life is at risk.”(某些州限制堕胎,除非母亲生命受到威胁)
计划失败比喻:“His attempt to start a business ended in abortion due to lack of funding.”(他的创业尝试因资金不足而失败)
自然流产:“She experienced a spontaneous abortion in her first trimester.”(她在妊娠初期自然流产)
政策讨论:“The new bill aims to relax restrictions on abortion access.”(新法案旨在放宽堕胎限制)
伦理辩论:“Activists on both sides of the abortion debate held protests outside the courthouse.”(堕胎辩论双方的活动人士在法院外举行抗议)
医疗程序:“The doctor explained the risks of late-term abortion to the patient.”(医生向患者解释了晚期堕胎的风险)
语境敏感性:该词涉及伦理、法律和宗教争议,使用时需根据场景保持中立或明确立场。例如,医学文献中侧重客观描述,而社会讨论中可能带有情感倾向 。
易混淆词汇:注意区分 abortion(主动或自然终止妊娠)与 miscarriage(仅指自然流产)。
从医学术语到社会议题,abortion 的使用始终与生命权、女性自主权等深层话题交织。如何在法律框架与个人选择间寻求平衡,仍是全球持续争论的焦点