TEXT C In Barcelona the Catalonians call them castells, but these aren't stereotypical castles

TEXT C In Barcelona the Catalonians call them castells, but these aren't stereotypical castles in Spain. These castles are made up of human beings, not stone. The people who perform. this agile feat of acrobatics are called castellers, and to see their towers take shape is to observe a marvel of human cooperation. First the castellers form. what looks like a gigantic rugby scrummage. They are the foundation blocks of the castle. Behind them, other people press together, forming outward-radiating ramparts of inward-pushing muscle: flying buttresses for the castle. Then sturdy but lighter castellers scramble over the backs of those at the bottom and stand, barefoot, on their shoulders—then still others, each time adding a higher 'story'. These human towers can rise higher than small apartment buildings: nine “stories”, 35 feet into the air. Then, just When it seems this tower of humanity can't defy gravity any longer, a little kid emerges from the crowd and climbs straight up to the top. Arms extended, the child grins while waving to the cheering crowd far below. Dressed in their traditional costumes, the castellers seem to epitomize an easier time, before Barcelona became a world metropolis arid the Mediterranean's most dynamic city. But when you observe-them tip close, in their street clothes, at practice, you see there's nothing easy about what the castellers do - and that they are not merely reenacting an ancient ritual. None of the castellers can-give a logical answer as to why they love doing this. But Victor Luna, 16, touches me on the shoulder and says in English: 'We do it because it's beautiful. We do it because we are Catalan.' Barcelona’s mother tongue is Catalan, and to understand Barcelona, you must understand two words of Catalan: seny and rauxa. Seny pretty much translates as common sense, or the ability to make money, arrange things, and get things done. Rauxa is reminiscent of our words “raucous” and “ruckus”. What makes the castellers revealing of the city is that they embody rauxa and seny. The idea of a human castle is rauxa—it defies common sense—but to watch one going up is to see seny in action. Success is based on everyone working together to achieve a shared goal. The success of Carlos Tusquets' bank, Fibanc, shows seny at work in everyday life. The bank started as a family concern and now employs hundreds. Tusquets said it exemplifies how the economy in Barcelona is different. Entrepreneurial seny demonstrates why Barcelona and Catalonia—the ancient region of which Barcelona is the capital—are distinct from the rest of Spain yet essential to Spain's emergence, after centuries of repression, as a prosperous, democratic European country. Catalonia, with Barcelona as its dynamo, has turned into an economic powerhouse. up 6 percent of Spain’s territory, with a sixth of its people, it accounts for nearly a quarter of Spain's production—everything from textiles to computers—even though the rest of Spain has been enjoying its own economic miracle. Hand in hand with seny goes rauxa, and there's no better place to see rauxa in action than on the Ramblas, the venerable, tree-shaded boulevard that, in gentle stages, leads you from the centre of Barcelona down to the port. There are two narrow lanes each way for cars and motorbikes, but it’s the wide centre walkway that makes the Ramblas a front-row seat for Barcelona's longest running theatrical . Plastic armchairs are set out on the sidewalk. Sit in one of them, and an attendant will come and charge you a small fee. Performance artists throng the Ramblas—stilt walkers, witches caked in charcoal dust, Elvis impersonators. But the real stars are the old women and happily playing children, millionaires on motorbikes, and pimps and women who, upon closer inspection, prove not to be. Aficionados (Fans) of Barcelona love to compare notes: “Last night there was a man standing on the balcony of his hotel room,” Mariana Bertagnolli, an Italian photographer, told me. 'The balcony was on the second floor. He was naked, and he was talking into a cell phone.' There you have it, Barcelona's essence. The man is naked (rauxa), but he is talking into a cell phone (seny). 21. From the description in the passage, we learn that A. all Catalonians can perform. castells. B. castells require performers to stand on each other. C. people perform. castells in different formations. D. in castells people have to push and pull each other.

根据文章及补充资料，叠人塔（castells）是西班牙加泰罗尼亚地区独特的民俗活动，其核心特征是参与者通过层层站立在他人肩膀上构建高耸的人形塔楼。这一活动需严格遵循物理结构原理和团队协作，与选项B描述完全一致。

对其他选项的分析：

A项错误：叠人塔由专业团队（castellers）表演，需长期训练和特定体型要求（如基层需强壮男性，顶层用孩童），并非所有加泰罗尼亚人都能参与。

C项不准确：文中仅描述一种基础结构（基层稳固后向上叠加），未提及“不同阵型”。尽管人塔可按层数和每层人数命名（如“六到十层”“每层1-5人”），但这属于规格分类而非“不同阵型”。

D项片面：文中强调“push inward”形成稳固基座，攀爬时借助腰带拉力，但“pull”并非主要动作，核心是“站立支撑”而非“推拉互动”。

叠人塔的精髓在于通过垂直叠加人体突破物理极限，9层35英尺的高度记录印证了这一核心形式。正如16岁参与者Victor Luna所言，这种看似“违背常识”（rauxa）的壮举，实则依靠“共同目标下的协作”（seny）实现，恰是巴塞罗那精神的缩影。