成语

cost的意思_音标_例句

cost
音标:英 [kɒst],美 [kɔːst]

一、核心释义

名词:费用、成本、代价(包括金钱、时间、努力或牺牲),也可指法律语境中的“诉讼费”。

例:The production cost of this phone is $300.(这部手机的生产成本为300美元)

动词:表示“花费”“使付出代价”,主语通常为事物,宾语可接金钱、时间或抽象损失;也可表示“估算成本”,此时主语为人。

例:The mistake cost the company millions.(这个错误使公司损失数百万)

二、用法特点

动词用法

主语限制:表“花费”时主语必须是事物(如物品、事件),不可是人;表“估算成本”时主语是人。

正确:The book costs $20.(这本书20美元)

错误:I cost 20onthebook.Ispent20 on the book.)

特殊时态:作“花费”解时,过去式和过去分词均为 cost;作“估算”解时用 costed

例:The project was costed at $50,000.(该项目估算成本为5万美元)

双宾语结构:直接宾语为金钱/代价,间接宾语为人,即“sth. cost sb. sth.”。

例:The accident cost him his leg.(这场事故让他失去了一条腿)

 

与近义词的区别

 

动词 主语 常用搭配 例句
cost 事物 sth. cost sb. money/time The trip cost us three days.
spend sb. spend money/time on sth. She spent $100 on books.
pay sb. pay money for sth. I paid $50 for the ticket.
take it形式主语 It takes sb. time to do sth. It took me an hour to cook.

 

三、常用短语

at all costs:不惜任何代价

例:We must protect the data at all costs.(我们必须不惜一切代价保护数据)

at the cost of:以……为代价

例:He succeeded at the cost of his health.(他以健康为代价取得了成功)

to one's cost:付出代价后才明白

例:She learned to her cost that lying ruins trust.(她吃了苦头才明白撒谎会破坏信任)

四、例句

名词用法:

The cost of living in this city has risen by 10%.(该城市生活成本上涨了10%)

They won the case but had to pay $5,000 in costs.(他们赢了官司,但需支付5000美元诉讼费)

动词用法:

How much does this laptop cost?(这台笔记本电脑多少钱?)

Careless driving cost him his life.(粗心驾驶使他丧命)

The engineer costed the project at $2 million.(工程师估算该项目成本为200万美元)

五、常见误区

误用被动语态:cost表“花费”时无被动形式,不可说“The book was cost \(20”,而应直接说“The book cost \)20”。

混淆“代价”与“价格”:cost强调“获取某物所付出的代价”,而price仅指“售价”。例如:The price of the car is 30,000.

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