that it is 是英语中常用的从句结构,通常用于引导表语从句或宾语从句,基本含义为“就是这样”“情况是”,具体语义需结合上下文理解。其音标为 /ðæt ɪt ɪz/(英式)或 /ðæt ɪt ɪz/(美式),发音时注意 that 弱化为 /ðət/,与后面的 it is 连读。
引导表语从句
用于系动词(如 be, seem, appear)后,说明主语的性质或状态。例如:
Her work is open to the criticism that it is ethnocentric.(她的作品可能会被指责带有种族中心主义。)
The disadvantage is that it is not universally available.(不利之处是它并非到处都能找到。)
引导宾语从句
用于动词(如 think, believe, say)后,作为动作的对象。例如:
I try to convince myself that's all that it is.(我试着说服自己就是这么回事。)
Britain proudly proclaims that it is a nation of animal lovers.(英国自豪地宣称它是个热爱动物的国家。)
强调句型中的省略形式
在强调句 "It is...that..." 中,that 可指代前文提到的事物,形成简略表达。例如:
"That's just the way it is."(事情就是这样了。)表示对无法改变的情况的接受。
One of the hotel's plus points is that it is very central.(那个旅馆的优势之一是它处于市中心。)
The only reason is that it is a personal check.(唯一的原因就是这是一张个人支票。)
It was the kind of rumour that it is impossible to refute.(这是那种不可能推翻的谣言。)
My only criticism of the house is that it is on a main road.(我对这座房子唯一的批评意见是它处于一条大路上。)
She considers that it is too early to form a definite conclusion.(她认为现在下确切的结论还为时过早。)
Information must be stored so that it is secure from accidental deletion.(必须把资料保存起来,这样才不至于无意中删除。)
The movie takes considerable liberties with the novel that it is based on.(影片对小说原作作了相当大的改动。)
Any actor will tell you that it is easier to perform than to be themselves.(任何演员都会告诉你表演比做自己更容易。)
Yet this is a Government which proclaims that it is all in favour of openness.(然而这是一个宣称全力支持开放的政府。)
Granted that it is a simple test to perform, it should be easy to get results quickly.(因为这化验做起来简单,所以应该不难很快得出结果。)
the way that it is:现状,即事物当前的状态。
例:Don't try to fight it. That's just the way it is.(不要试图与之抗争。事情就是这样。)
such that it is:尽管不完美,但就这样。
例:The help he offered, such that it is, was better than nothing.(他提供的帮助虽然有限,但总比没有好。)
hope that it is:希望如此。
例:Hope that it is really true.(希望这是真的。)
与 "that's it" 的区别:"that it is" 是从句结构,需依附主句;"that's it" 是独立短句,意为“就是这个”“够了”。
省略现象:在口语中,that 常被省略,如 "I think it is..."(我认为是……)。
总结:"that it is" 是连接主句与从句的桥梁,通过具体语境可表达陈述、解释、强调等多种功能。掌握其用法需结合例句积累,注意与其他类似结构(如强调句、简单句)的区分。你认为在写作中,如何避免过度使用 "that it is" 导致句子冗长?