英语“told”的音标_意思 _翻译_用法_例句
更新时间:2026-06-15 18:40:42 栏目: 教育
更新时间:2026-06-15 18:40:42 栏目: 教育

told 是动词 tell 的过去式和过去分词,音标为 英 /təʊld/、美 /toʊld/。它最核心的含义是“告诉、讲述”,表示通过语言传递信息或指令,强调信息的传达对象和内容。与 say(侧重内容)、speak(侧重动作)不同,told 必须接“人”作宾语,体现“对某人说”的方向性,例如可以说 He told me a story,但不能说 He told a story me。
告诉某人某事(基本用法)
结构:told + 人 + 事物/信息,直接传递具体内容。
例句:The doctor told me not to smoke.(医生告诫我不要抽烟。)
She told him her tights were slipping.(她告诉他她的连裤袜正往下滑。)
告诉某人做某事(含指令意味)
结构:told + 人 + to do sth,表达命令、建议或要求。
例句:I told her to send the letter by airmail.(我叫她把那封信寄航空。)
The sergeant told the men to close up.(中士叫士兵们靠拢。)
被动语态(强调信息被接收)
结构:be told + 内容/ to do sth,表示“被通知、被告知”。
例句:I was told to leave the room at once.(我被要求立刻离开房间。)
Locals were told to evacuate.(当地居民已得到撤离通知。)
固定短语:all told
意为“总共、合计”,用于总结数量或情况。
例句:All told there were 104 people on the payroll.(在职的总共有104人。)
He told us the legend of the ghostly horseman.(他给我们讲幽灵骑士的传说。)
I told him not to go, but he wouldn’t listen.(我叫他别去,可他偏偏不听。)
She told me the news herself.(是她本人告诉我这个消息的。)
The teacher told the children to sit up straight.(老师告诉孩子们坐直。)
Have you told him about the new plan yet?(你把新计划告诉他了吗?)
They told James he could no longer live rent-free.(他们告诉詹姆斯不能再免租金住下去了。)
I was told the meeting would start at 9 AM.(我被告知会议九点开始。)
All told, the project took three months to complete.(总共,这个项目花了三个月完成。)
She told reporters her side of the story.(她向记者讲述了自己的版本。)
He told me he’d visited Paris twice.(他告诉我他去过巴黎两次。)
易错对比:
told sb sth vs said sth:
✅ She told me a secret.(接人+事)
❌ She said me a secret.(say不可直接接人)
✅ She said (that) she was tired.(say接内容,无需宾语)
完成时用法:
与 have/has 连用,表示动作对现在的影响,常含不满情绪:
I’ve told you countless times not to touch that!(我已经告诉你无数遍别碰那个!)
隐含意义:
部分语境中可表示“表明、显示”,如 Her face told her joy(她脸上流露出欢乐),或通过语气暗示情绪,如 "I told you so!"(我早说过了吧!)带有得意或责备意味。
掌握 told 的关键在于记住它“必须带宾语(人)”的特点,以及“传递信息/指令”的核心功能。无论是日常对话中的简单告知,还是正式场景中的命令传达,told 都能准确体现信息流动的方向性和