astonished 的音标为英 /əˈstɒnɪʃt/，美 /əˈstɑːnɪʃt/，核心含义是“吃惊的、惊愕的”，既可作形容词描述人因意外而震惊的状态，也是动词 astonish（使惊讶）的过去式和过去分词形式[2][5]。其英文释义强调“被强烈的意外或冲击填满的情绪状态”，与 amazed“astounded”“stunned”为同义词。

用法与搭配

作为形容词时，astonished 常通过固定结构体现惊讶的对象或原因：

be astonished at + 事物：表示“对……感到惊讶”。例如“The crowd was astonished at the magician's sudden disappearance”（观众对魔术师的突然消失感到震惊）[7]。

be astonished to do sth：表示“因做某事/发现某事而惊讶”。例如“She was astonished to find her lost necklace in the old box”（她惊讶地在旧盒子里发现了丢失的项链）。

直接修饰名词或作表语：如“an astonished expression”（惊讶的表情）或“He looked astonished”（他看起来很吃惊）。

例句

I was astonished at the news of her sudden resignation.（她突然辞职的消息让我十分惊讶。）

His wife was astonished at the astronomical sum of money he had spent.（他妻子对他花的巨额钱款感到震惊。）

The children were astonished to see a giraffe walking down their street.（孩子们看到长颈鹿在街上走时惊呆了。）

She gave him an astonished look when he proposed.（他求婚时，她惊讶地看了他一眼。）

Onlookers were astonished at the firefighter's bravery.（旁观者对消防员的勇敢感到惊叹。）

We were astonished by how quickly the project was completed.

He appeared astonished by the unexpected turn of events.

The teacher was astonished to discover that the student had taught himself calculus.

An astonished gasp escaped the audience when the acrobat fell.

They stood in astonished silence as the storm approached.

常见误区

需注意 astonished 描述的是人的感受，而表示“令人惊讶的事物”需用动词不定式 astonishing（如“an astonishing result”）。例如“The result was astonishing”（结果令人惊讶），而不能说“The result was astonished”。

从莎士比亚时代的“astonish”（源自拉丁语“雷击般的冲击”）到现代日常用语，astonished 始终捕捉着人类面对意外时最本能的情绪反应。下次当你想用英语表达“惊掉下巴”的感受时，不妨试试这个词——它比普通的“surprised”更能传递强烈的冲击感。