abash 的音标为英 /əˈbæʃ/、美 /əˈbæʃ/，作为及物动词核心含义是“使羞愧、使窘迫”，指因突发事件（如当众批评、意外失误）引发的短暂局促不安，强调内心羞愧感带来的情绪波动 。其名词形式为 abashment（窘迫），过去式和过去分词均为 abashed，现在分词为 abashing 。

用法与搭配

基础结构：直接接宾语，表示“使某人尴尬”

He was abashed by her sudden praise.（她突然的赞美让他感到尴尬）

The student was abashed when unable to answer the simple question.（因答不出简单问题，学生羞惭不已）

常见搭配

abash oneself：使自己尴尬
She abashed herself by forgetting lyrics during the performance.（表演中忘词让她很难为情）

stand abashed：感到羞愧
He stood abashed before the teacher's stern gaze.（在老师严厉的注视下，他显得局促不安）

be abashed at/by：因……而窘迫
The child was abashed at the sight of strangers.（孩子看到陌生人时非常害羞）

例句

Nothing can abash him.（没有什么能让他感到尴尬）

His boss's criticism left him feeling rather abashed.（老板的批评让他有些难为情）

Her elder cousins abashed her by commenting on her shyness.（堂兄弟们议论她的腼腆，使她很难为情）

When the child saw the room filled with strangers, he was much abashed.（小孩看到满屋子陌生人，感到非常局促）

Five years ago I predicted the company would fail, then was abashed by its recovery.（五年前我预言公司会倒闭，后来它的复苏让我很羞愧）

The true worshiper is humbled rather than abashed before God.（真正的信徒在神面前是谦卑而非窘迫）

The criminal was not abashed at detection but daunted by the officer's weapon.（罪犯被捕时并不羞愧，却被警官的武器吓住了）

A man whom no denial, no scorn could abash.（一个不为拒绝或轻蔑所动摇的人）

The parent is mortified by the child's rudeness, the child abashed at the parent's reproof.（父母因孩子无礼而难堪，孩子因父母责备而羞愧）

Sudden joy may bewilder, but will not abash.（突如其来的喜悦可能令人困惑，但不会让人窘迫）

辨析与提示

abash vs. embarrass：两者都含“尴尬”义，但 abash 更强调因羞愧产生的内心不安，而 embarrass 侧重因他人在场或社交压力导致的困窘 。

语境特征：常与批评、失误、陌生环境等场景相关，如演讲忘词、被当众指出错误等 。

这个词在日常交流中使用频率不高，但在文学描写或正式语境中能精准传达人物的微妙情绪。下次遇到让人面红耳赤的瞬间，或许就能用 abash 来描述那份复杂的窘迫了。