explain
更新时间:2026-05-30 09:26:40 栏目: 在线翻译
更新时间:2026-05-30 09:26:40 栏目: 在线翻译

explain 是英语中常用的动词,基本含义为“说明、解释”,旨在通过提供细节或原因使事物变得可理解。其英式音标为 /ɪkˈspleɪn/,美式音标为 /ɪkˈsplen/ 。作为及物动词时,它可接名词、代词、从句或反身代词作宾语;作为不及物动词时,可直接表示“解释原因”或“辩解” 。
直接接宾语:表示“解释某事”,宾语可以是具体事物或抽象概念。
She explained the problem clearly.(她清晰地解释了问题)
The teacher explained the rules of the game.(老师说明了游戏规则)
接从句:常用 explain how/why + 句子 结构说明方法或原因。
He explained how the machine works.(他解释了机器的工作原理)
Please explain why you didn’t telephone.(请解释你为什么没打电话)
接介词短语:通过 explain to sb 表示“向某人解释”,不可省略介词 to。
I explained the rules to the new students.(我向新生解释了规则)
Don’t sign anything until your lawyer has explained the contract to you.(律师解释合同前不要签字)
固定搭配:
explain away:通过解释消除疑虑或推卸责任,如 He tried to explain away his mistake.(他试图为错误辩解)
explain oneself:说明自己的意图或行为,如 She had to explain herself after the misunderstanding.(误会后她不得不自我解释)
Not every judge has the ability to explain the law in simple terms.(并非所有法官都能用简单语言解释法律)
Before she ran away, she left a note explaining her actions.(逃跑前,她留下便条解释行为)
Can you explain the reasons behind this decision?(你能解释这个决定背后的原因吗)
Alex explained that his car had broken down.(亚历克斯解释说他的车坏了)
The government must explain its decision to the public.(政府必须向公众解释其决策)
She tried to explain but he wouldn’t listen.(她试图解释,但他不听)
Scientific findings help explain the origins of the universe.(科学发现有助于解释宇宙起源)
He explained who each person in the photo was.(他介绍了照片中每个人的身份)
Could you explain yourself a little more? I didn’t understand.(能再说明一下吗?我没听懂)
Oh well then, that explains it!(哦,原来如此!)
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| explain the reason | 解释原因 | Please explain the reason for your absence.(请解释缺席原因) |
| explain in detail | 详细说明 | The teacher explained the lesson in detail.(老师详细讲解了课程) |
| explain by analogy | 用类推法说明 | He explained the concept by analogy.(他用类推法解释了概念) |
| explain to me | 向我解释 | Could you explain this theory to me?(能向我解释这个理论吗) |
| explain everything | 解释一切 | She explained everything clearly.(她把一切都解释清楚了) |
注意:使用时需区分近义词,如 explain(强调解释原因或过程)与 describe(强调描述特征),避免混淆。同时,避免错误搭配如“explain someone”,正确表达应为“explain to someone” 。掌握这些用法能帮助更精准地传达信息,无论是日常交流还是书面表达。
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