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英语“borne”的音标_意思 _翻译_用法_例句

更新时间:2026-05-30 20:04:38   栏目: 教育

“borne”是动词“bear”的过去分词,英式音标为/bɔːn/,美式音标为/bɔːrn/。它主要有三大用法:一是表示“生育、承载、传播”等具体动作;二是作词缀构成复合形容词,表“由…携带/传播”;三是用于固定短语表达“逐渐意识到”。与“born”不同,“borne”多用于主动语态或带“by”的被动语态,而“born”仅用于“be born”表出生。

一、核心释义

动词功能(bear的过去分词)

生育:She has borne three children.(她生了三个孩子)

承载/支撑:The table was borne by four wooden legs.(桌子由四条木腿支撑)

传播/传送:The sound was borne along by the wind.(声音随风传播)

承担(责任/成本):The costs will be borne by the company.(费用由公司承担)

形容词词缀(-borne)
构成复合词,表示“由…携带/传播的”:

air-borne diseases(空气传播疾病)

water-borne pollution(水污染)

固定短语

be borne in on sb:逐渐被某人意识到
例:It was borne in on us that we were late.(我们逐渐意识到迟到了)

二、经典例句

主动语态表生育:She has borne him six sons.(她为他生了六个儿子)

被动语态带by:He was borne by an English woman.(他由一名英国妇女生下)

自然力传播:A voice was borne to us on the wind.(一个声音随风传来)

承担费用:The exhibition cost is borne by the local council.(展览费用由地方议会承担)

复合形容词:Water-borne diseases are common in flood areas.(水传播疾病在洪灾地区常见)

固定短语:Defeat was gradually borne in on the team.(队伍逐渐意识到失败不可避免)

文学比喻:Grief was borne like a heavy burden.(悲伤像重担一样被承受着)

科学语境:Balloon-borne instruments detected the particles.(气球搭载仪器探测到了粒子)

法律文本:Expenses shall be borne by the losing party.(费用由败诉方承担)

历史记录:She had borne a child before marriage.(她婚前生过一个孩子)

三、常见短语搭配

 

短语 含义 例句
borne by 由…承担 Costs are borne by the government.
borne out 被证实 His theory was borne out by data.
air-borne 空气传播的 Air-borne viruses spread quickly.
borne in on