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英语“sentence”的音标_意思 _翻译_用法_例句

更新时间:2026-05-30 11:01:19   栏目: 教育

sentence 的音标为英 /ˈsentəns/、美 /ˈsentəns/,核心含义包括名词“句子”和“判决”,以及动词“宣判、判决”。这两个看似无关的含义实则同源,源自拉丁语 sententia(“判断、观点”),既指语言表达的完整观点(句子),也指法律上的裁决(判决)。

一、词性与核心含义

名词(n.)

句子:语言中具有完整意义的基本单位,通常包含主语和谓语,以大写字母开头,句末有标点(句号、问号或感叹号)。
▶ 例:A simple sentence has one subject and one verb(简单句包含一个主语和一个谓语)。

判决/宣判:法庭对罪犯作出的处罚决定。
▶ 例:The judge will pass sentence tomorrow(法官将于明天宣判)。

动词(v.)

判决、宣判:法庭依法对罪犯判处刑罚,常用被动语态,搭配介词 to 引出具体刑罚。
▶ 例:He was sentenced to three years in prison(他被判三年监禁)。

二、用法示例

名词用法(句子)

Can you make a sentence with the word "abandon"?(你能用“abandon”造个句吗?)

This sentence contains two clauses(这个句子包含两个分句)。

The topic sentence summarizes the main idea of a paragraph(主题句概括段落主旨)。

名词用法(判决)

His life sentence was reduced on appeal(他的无期徒刑在上诉后被减刑)。

The court passed a suspended sentence(法庭判处缓刑)。

动词用法

The thief was sentenced to pay a fine of $500(小偷被判罚款500美元)。

She was sentenced to death for murder(她因谋杀被判死刑)。

三、常见短语搭配

 

短语 含义 示例
life sentence 无期徒刑 He received a life sentence for treason(他因叛国罪被判无期徒刑)
death sentence 死刑判决 The court issued a death sentence(法庭下达死刑判决)
suspended sentence 缓刑 The judge gave him a suspended sentence(法官判他缓刑)
simple sentence 简单句(语法) "I eat" is a simple sentence(“I eat”是简单句)
compound sentence 并列复合句 She sang and he danced(她唱歌,